並べる
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Base dictionary form. Ichidan verb: ends in 『る』 and keeps its stem for all conjugations.
Theme
Two friends, Yuta and User, are organizing a small party at Yuta's apartment and discussing how to arrange snacks on the table.
並べる
ならべる
to put (things) side by side (transitive)
Core Language Building BlocksCore Verbs & Actions
verbICHIDAN (ru-verb)
Memory Hook
Imagine arranging books side by side on a shelf — you 'narrate' (sounds like 並べる naraberu) their order as you place them. 'Narrate' → 並べる (naraberu, 'to put side by side').
Cultural Note
In Japanese homes and shops, people often 『並べる』 (naraberu, 'to put side by side') items neatly, such as shoes at the entrance or products on shelves, emphasizing tidiness and organization in daily life.
Forms
Base: 並べるBase dictionary form. Ichidan verb: ends in 『る』 and keeps its stem for all conjugations.
Polite: 並べますDrop 『る』 (-ru) → add 『ます』 (masu, polite marker) → 『並べます』 (narabemasu, 'put side by side [polite]').
Negative: 並べないDrop 『る』 (-ru) → add 『ない』 (nai, 'not') → 『並べない』 (narabenai, 'do not put side by side').
Past: 並べたDrop 『る』 (-ru) → add 『た』 (ta, past marker) → 『並べた』 (narabeta, 'put side by side').
Te: 並べてDrop 『る』 (-ru) → add 『て』 (te) → 『並べて』 (narabete). Used for requests and linking actions.
Volitional: 並べようDrop 『る』 (-ru) → add 『よう』 (you, volitional) → 『並べよう』 (narabeyou, 'let’s put side by side').
Conditional: 並べればDrop 『る』 (-ru) → add 『れば』 (reba, conditional) → 『並べれば』 (narabereba, 'if (someone) puts side by side').
Potential: 並べられるAdd 『られる』 (rareru, potential) to the stem → 『並べられる』 (naraberareru, 'can put side by side').
Passive: 並べられるAdd passive marker 『られる』 (rareru) → same surface form as potential; meaning depends on context.
Causative: 並べさせるAdd causative marker 『させる』 (saseru) → 『並べさせる』 (narabesaseru).
Imperative: 並べろDrop 『る』 (-ru) → add 『ろ』 (ro, command) → 『並べろ』 (narabero).
Progressive: 並べているTe-form 『並べて』 (narabete) + 『いる』 (iru, continuous) → 『並べている』 (narabete iru, 'is putting side by side').