堅
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Base na-adjective form. Describes physical hardness or firmness in character. Must be followed by 『な』 (na) when modifying a noun, e.g., 『堅な石』 (kata na ishi, 'solid stone').
Theme
In a workshop, User is helping their colleague Taro choose materials for a DIY project, focusing on durability.
堅
かた
solid / hard / firm
Core Language Building BlocksDescriptive Language
Memory Hook
Think of a 'can' (堅 kata sounds like 'can') that's solid and hard — you can't bend it! 'Can' → 堅 (kata, 'solid / Hard / Firm').
Cultural Note
『堅』 (kata) is often used in compound words like 『堅実』 (kenjitsu, 'steady / Reliable') to describe firmness in character or materials, reflecting values of stability in Japanese culture.
Forms
Base: 堅Base na-adjective form. Describes physical hardness or firmness in character. Must be followed by 『な』 (na) when modifying a noun, e.g., 『堅な石』 (kata na ishi, 'solid stone').
Negative: 堅じゃないAdd 『じゃない』 (janai, 'not') to base form → 『堅じゃない』 (kata janai). Casual negative form.
Past: 堅だったAdd 『だった』 (datta, past) to base form → 『堅だった』 (kata datta). Past tense form.
Adverbial: 堅にAdd 『に』 (ni, adverbial) to base form → 『堅に』 (kata ni). Used to modify verbs, e.g., 『堅に守る』 (kata ni mamoru, 'to guard firmly').
Comparative: より堅Comparative formed with modifier 『より』 (yori, 'more than') + base adjective.
Superlative: 一番堅Superlative formed with 『一番』 (ichiban, 'number one / Most') + base adjective.