堅い
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Base i-adjective form ending in 『い』. Describes hardness that implies durability, reliability, or rigidity, often for abstract or solid objects.
Theme
At a local hardware store, User is shopping for tools with their friend Aya, who is an experienced DIY enthusiast.
堅い
かたい
hard, firm, solid (in a durable or reliable sense)
Core Language Building BlocksCore Adjectives
Memory Hook
Imagine a 'katai' (堅い) rock that's so firm it won't budge. Think of 'kata' (like karate kata, which is rigid and disciplined) → 堅い (katai, 'hard / Firm / Solid').
Cultural Note
In Japanese, 『堅い』 (katai) often describes objects that are hard in a durable or reliable sense, like a sturdy lock or a solid reputation. It's used in phrases like 『堅い握手』 (katai akushu, 'firm handshake') to convey trustworthiness.
Forms
Base: 堅いBase i-adjective form ending in 『い』. Describes hardness that implies durability, reliability, or rigidity, often for abstract or solid objects.
Negative: 堅くないDrop 『い』 → add 『くない』 (kunai, negative) → 『堅くない』 (katakunai).
Past: 堅かったDrop 『い』 → add 『かった』 (katta, past) → 『堅かった』 (katakatta).
Adverbial: 堅くDrop 『い』 → add 『く』 (ku, adverbial) → 『堅く』 (kataku).
Comparative: より堅いComparative formed with modifier 『より』 (yori, 'more than') + base adjective.
Superlative: 一番堅いSuperlative formed with 『一番』 (ichiban, 'number one / Most') + adjective.