平常
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Base na-adjective form. Describes a state that is ordinary or standard. Used with 『だ』 (da) or 『です』 (desu) in sentences, e.g., 『平常だ』 (heijō da, 'it is normal').
Theme
Two coworkers, Ken and User, are discussing their daily routines during a coffee break at the office.
平常
へいじょう
normal, usual
Core Language Building BlocksDescriptive Language
Memory Hook
Think of 'peace' (平 hei means 'peace' or 'flat') and 'always' (常 jō means 'usual') — together, they describe a 'normal' state that is peaceful and usual. 'Peace-always' → 平常 (heijō, 'normal, usual').
Cultural Note
『平常』 (heijō) is often used in formal or written contexts to describe normal conditions, such as in weather reports (『平常運転』 heijō unten, 'normal operation') or health checks. In daily conversation, people might use simpler terms like 『普通』 (futsū, 'ordinary') instead.
Forms
Base: 平常Base na-adjective form. Describes a state that is ordinary or standard. Used with 『だ』 (da) or 『です』 (desu) in sentences, e.g., 『平常だ』 (heijō da, 'it is normal').
Negative: 平常じゃないAdd 『じゃない』 (janai, 'not') after the base form → 『平常じゃない』 (heijō janai). Can also use 『ではない』 (dewa nai) in formal writing.
Past: 平常だったAdd 『だった』 (datta, past marker) after the base form → 『平常だった』 (heijō datta).
Adverbial: 平常にAdd 『に』 (ni, adverbial marker) after the base form → 『平常に』 (heijō ni). Used to modify verbs, e.g., 『平常に働く』 (heijō ni hataraku, 'work normally').
Comparative: より平常Comparative formed with modifier 『より』 (yori, 'more than') + base adjective, e.g., 『より平常な状態』 (yori heijō na jōtai, 'a more normal condition').
Superlative: 一番平常Superlative formed with 『一番』 (ichiban, 'most') + base adjective, e.g., 『一番平常な日』 (ichiban heijō na hi, 'the most normal day').