急
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Base na-adjective form. Used with 『な』 (na) to modify nouns, e.g., 『急な坂』 (kyuu na saka, 'steep slope').
Theme
While hiking in the mountains near Kyoto, User and their friend Yumi comment on the trail's difficulty.
急
きゅう
steep
Core Language Building BlocksCore Adjectives
Memory Hook
Imagine a steep hill that makes you 'hurry' (急 kyuu sounds like 'queue') up it — it's so steep you have to rush! 'Queue' → 急 (kyuu, 'steep').
Cultural Note
In Japan, 『急な坂』 (kyuu na saka, 'steep slope') is common in mountainous areas like Kyoto or hiking trails. It's often used in warnings or descriptions of terrain.
Forms
Base: 急Base na-adjective form. Used with 『な』 (na) to modify nouns, e.g., 『急な坂』 (kyuu na saka, 'steep slope').
Negative: 急じゃないAdd 『じゃない』 (janai, 'not') after the base form → 『急じゃない』 (kyuu janai, 'not steep').
Past: 急だったAdd 『だった』 (datta, past) after the base form → 『急だった』 (kyuu datta, 'was steep').
Adverbial: 急にAdd 『に』 (ni) to the base form → 『急に』 (kyuu ni). Can mean 'steeply' or 'suddenly' depending on context.
Comparative: より急Comparative formed with modifier 『より』 (yori, 'more than') + base adjective → 『より急』 (yori kyuu, 'steeper').
Superlative: 一番急Superlative formed with 『一番』 (ichiban, 'number one / Most') + base adjective → 『一番急』 (ichiban kyuu, 'the steepest').