正式
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Base na-adjective meaning 'official' or 'formal'. Used with 『な』 (na) to modify nouns, as in 『正式な手続き』 (seishiki na tetsuzuki, 'official procedure').
Theme
At a company meeting, User and their colleague Yamada discuss the status of a new project document.
正式
せいしき
official
Culture & SocietyTraditions & Customs
Memory Hook
Think of an 'official' document with a formal seal. 'Official' and 'formal' both imply something is proper and authorized — like a 'formal ceremony' or 'official announcement'.
Cultural Note
In Japan, 『正式』 (seishiki, 'official / Formal') is important in ceremonies, business, and legal matters. For example, 『正式な服装』 (seishiki na fukusou, 'formal attire') is required at weddings or official events.
Forms
Base: 正式Base na-adjective meaning 'official' or 'formal'. Used with 『な』 (na) to modify nouns, as in 『正式な手続き』 (seishiki na tetsuzuki, 'official procedure').
Negative: 正式じゃないAdd 『じゃない』 (janai, 'not') after the base form → 『正式じゃない』 (seishiki janai, 'not official'). Example: 『それは正式じゃない』 (sore wa seishiki janai, 'That is not official').
Past: 正式だったAdd 『だった』 (datta, past) after the base form → 『正式だった』 (seishiki datta, 'was official'). Example: 『以前は正式だった』 (izen wa seishiki datta, 'It was official before').
Adverbial: 正式にAdd 『に』 (ni, adverbial) after the base form → 『正式に』 (seishiki ni, 'officially'). Example: 『正式に発表する』 (seishiki ni happyou suru, 'to announce officially').
Comparative: より正式Comparative formed with modifier 『より』 (yori, 'more than') + base adjective. Example: 『この方がより正式だ』 (kono hou ga yori seishiki da, 'This one is more official').
Superlative: 一番正式Superlative formed with 『一番』 (ichiban, 'most') + base adjective. Example: 『それが一番正式な方法だ』 (sore ga ichiban seishiki na houhou da, 'That is the most official method').