～始めろ
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Drop 『る』 (-ru) from base → add 『ろ』 (ro, command): e.g., 食べ始めろ (tabehajimero, 'start eating!').
Theme
During a late-night study session at a café, User and their friend Ken are procrastinating on their homework.
～始める
～はじめる
to start doing ~
Core Language Building BlocksCore Forms & Grammar Patterns
verb suffixICHIDAN (ru-verb)
Memory Hook
To remember 『～始める』 (hajimeru, 'to start doing ~'), think of 'hajime' as 'start' in martial arts — you 'begin' an action by adding it to a verb stem. 'Hajime' → 始める (hajimeru, 'to start').
Cultural Note
『～始める』 (hajimeru) is commonly used in Japanese to indicate the beginning of an action, such as in phrases like 『勉強し始める』 (benkyou shihajimeru, 'to start studying'). It reflects the cultural value of diligence and starting tasks promptly.
Forms
Imperative: ～始めろDrop 『る』 (-ru) from base → add 『ろ』 (ro, command): e.g., 食べ始めろ (tabehajimero, 'start eating!').
Base: ～始めるVerb suffix: attach to the masu-stem of a verb (e.g., 食べる → 食べ始める taberu → tabehajimeru, 'to start eating'). Indicates the beginning of an action.
Polite: ～始めますFormed by adding 『ます』 (masu, polite marker) to the base: e.g., 食べ始めます (tabehajimemasu, 'start eating [polite]').
Negative: ～始めないDrop 『る』 (-ru) from base → add 『ない』 (nai, 'not'): e.g., 食べ始めない (tabehajimenai, 'do not start eating').
Past: ～始めたDrop 『る』 (-ru) from base → add 『た』 (ta, past marker): e.g., 食べ始めた (tabehajimeta, 'started eating').
Te: ～始めてDrop 『る』 (-ru) from base → add 『て』 (te): e.g., 食べ始めて (tabehajimete). Used for linking actions or making requests.
Volitional: ～始めようDrop 『る』 (-ru) from base → add 『よう』 (you, volitional): e.g., 食べ始めよう (tabehajimeyou, 'let’s start eating').
Conditional: ～始めればDrop 『る』 (-ru) from base → add 『れば』 (reba, conditional): e.g., 食べ始めれば (tabehajimereba, 'if (someone) starts eating').
Potential: ～始められるAdd potential marker 『られる』 (rareru) to the stem: e.g., 食べ始められる (tabehajimerareru, 'can start eating').
Passive: ～始められるAdd passive marker 『られる』 (rareru): same surface form as potential; meaning depends on context.
Causative: ～始めさせるAdd causative marker 『させる』 (saseru) to the stem: e.g., 食べ始めさせる (tabehajimesaseru).
Progressive: ～始めているTe-form 『～始めて』 + 『いる』 (iru, continuous): e.g., 食べ始めている (tabehajimete iru, 'is starting to eat').